Abdominal Distention in Traditional Chinese Medicine

Understanding different abdominal distention patterns according to TCM theory

Educational content Consult qualified practitioners for medical advice

11
TCM Patterns
50
Formulas
Overview
What causes it 11 TCM patterns documented
How to recognize Symptoms specific to each abdominal distention pattern
Classical remedies 50 herbal formulas documented

Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) approaches abdominal distention not as a single symptom but as a sign of underlying disharmony within the body’s energy system. TCM practitioners believe that distention arises from imbalances such as Qi stagnation, Phlegm accumulation, Blood Stgantion, Qi Deficiency, and Yang Deficiency, each affecting the body's internal organs differently.

Identifying the specific pattern of disharmony is crucial for effective treatment in TCM, aiming to restore balance and alleviate the symptom.

TCM Patterns for Abdominal Distention

Qi Stagnation

Causes: Abdomen distension, Abdominal distension, Abdominal distention and fullness, Epigastric distension, Epigastrium distension, Feeling of oppression and fullness of the epigastrium

9 variations documented
Liver Qi Stagnation
How it presents with abdominal distention

Abdomen distension, Abdominal distension, Abdominal distention and fullness, Epigastric distension, Epigastrium distension

Along with: Hypochondriac distention, Chest distension, Upper abdominal distension, Abdominal distention, Sighing, Melancholia,

Large Intestine Qi Stagnation
How it presents with abdominal distention

Abdominal distension

Along with: Abdominal distention, Abdominal pain, Constipation, Anxiety, Bitty stools

Traditional Herbal Formulas
Qi And Blood Stagnation
How it presents with abdominal distention

Abdominal distension, Abdominal distention and fullness

Along with: Chest distension, Chest pain, Stabbing fixed pain, Dark face, Purple lips, Purple nails,

Small Intestine Qi Pain
How it presents with abdominal distention

Abdominal distension

Along with: Lower abdominal twisting pain, Abdominal distention, Abdominal pain worsened by pressure, Borborygmi, Excessive gas and flatulence, Abdominal pain relieved by flatulence,

Traditional Herbal Formulas
Obstruction Of the Spleen By Dampness with Liver Qi Stagnation
How it presents with abdominal distention

Feeling of oppression and fullness of the epigastrium, Epigastric distension

Along with: Upper abdominal oppression, Nausea, Loss of appetite, Diarrhea, Feeling of heaviness, Dry mouth without desire to drink,

Traditional Herbal Formulas
Stagnant Liver Qi turning into Fire
How it presents with abdominal distention

Epigastric distension

Along with: Hypochondriac distention, Upper abdominal distension, Stifling sensation in the chest, Irritability, Melancholia, Depression,

Traditional Herbal Formulas
Stomach Qi Stagnation
How it presents with abdominal distention

Epigastric distension

Along with: Upper abdominal pain, Upper abdominal distension, Belching, Nausea, Vomit, Hiccups,

Traditional Herbal Formulas
Blood and Qi Deficiency with Blood Stagnation
How it presents with abdominal distention

Abdominal distension

Along with: Loss of appetite, Weak limbs, Lower back pain, Abdominal distention, Irregular periods, Red and white vaginal discharge,

Traditional Herbal Formulas
Liver Qi Stagnation invading the Stomach
How it presents with abdominal distention

Abdominal distension, Epigastric distension

Along with: Belching, Abdominal distention, Upper abdominal distension, Depression, Irritability, Dry mouth,

Traditional Herbal Formulas

Heat

Causes: Abdominal distention and fullness, Abdominal and epigastric fullness, Epigastrium fullness, Feeling of oppression and fullness of the epigastrium, Epigastric distension, Hypogastric distention

8 variations documented
Heat in the Blood
How it presents with abdominal distention

Abdominal distention and fullness

Along with: Feeling of heat, Red skin eruptions, Thirst, Frequent bleeding, Bloody sputum, Hematochezia,

Traditional Herbal Formulas
Damp-Heat invading the Spleen
How it presents with abdominal distention

Abdominal and epigastric fullness

Along with: Loss of appetite, Feeling of heaviness, Dry mouth without desire to drink, Nausea or vomiting, Malodorous diarrhea, Anal burning,

Traditional Herbal Formulas
Damp-Heat in the Stomach
How it presents with abdominal distention

Epigastrium fullness

Along with: Upper abdominal pain, Upper abdominal fullness, Feeling of heaviness, Face pain, Congested nose, Thick nasal discharge,

Traditional Herbal Formulas
Gallbladder Heat
How it presents with abdominal distention

Epigastrium fullness

Along with: Alternating sensation of hot and cold, Bitter taste in the mouth, Thirst, Dry throat, Hypochondriac pain, Nausea,

Traditional Herbal Formulas
Obstruction Of the Spleen By Dampness with Liver Qi Stagnation
How it presents with abdominal distention

Feeling of oppression and fullness of the epigastrium, Epigastric distension

Along with: Upper abdominal oppression, Nausea, Loss of appetite, Diarrhea, Feeling of heaviness, Dry mouth without desire to drink,

Traditional Herbal Formulas
Greater Yang Accumulation of Blood
How it presents with abdominal distention

Hypogastric distention

Along with: Lower abdominal distension, Lower abdominal fullness, Hematuria, Restlessness

Traditional Herbal Formulas
Stagnant Liver Qi turning into Fire
How it presents with abdominal distention

Epigastric distension

Along with: Hypochondriac distention, Upper abdominal distension, Stifling sensation in the chest, Irritability, Melancholia, Depression,

Traditional Herbal Formulas
Heat in Gall Bladder
How it presents with abdominal distention

Epigastrium fullness

Along with: Mild chills with high fever, Bitter taste in the mouth, Stifling sensation in the chest, Vomiting of sour fluids, Thirst, Hypochondriac pain and discomfort,

Traditional Herbal Formulas

Dampness

Causes: Abdomen distension, Abdominal distention and fullness, Abdominal and epigastric fullness, Epigastrium fullness, Feeling of oppression and fullness of the epigastrium, Epigastric distension

6 variations documented
Oedema
How it presents with abdominal distention

Abdomen distension

Along with: Abdominal edema, Ankle edema, Facial edema, Foot edema, Oedema of hands, Leg edema,

Kidney Yang Deficiency with Water overflowing
How it presents with abdominal distention

Abdominal distention and fullness

Along with: Edema of the lower extremities, Cold sensation in legs and back, Abdominal distention, Lumbar pain, Chills, Scanty clear urination,

Traditional Herbal Formulas
Cold-Damp invading the Spleen
How it presents with abdominal distention

Abdominal and epigastric fullness

Along with: Loss of appetite, Epigastric coldness, Head and body heaviness, Sweet taste in mouth, Absence of thirst, Diarrhea,

Traditional Herbal Formulas
Damp-Heat invading the Spleen
How it presents with abdominal distention

Abdominal and epigastric fullness

Along with: Loss of appetite, Feeling of heaviness, Dry mouth without desire to drink, Nausea or vomiting, Malodorous diarrhea, Anal burning,

Traditional Herbal Formulas
Damp-Heat in the Stomach
How it presents with abdominal distention

Epigastrium fullness

Along with: Upper abdominal pain, Upper abdominal fullness, Feeling of heaviness, Face pain, Congested nose, Thick nasal discharge,

Traditional Herbal Formulas
Obstruction Of the Spleen By Dampness with Liver Qi Stagnation
How it presents with abdominal distention

Feeling of oppression and fullness of the epigastrium, Epigastric distension

Along with: Upper abdominal oppression, Nausea, Loss of appetite, Diarrhea, Feeling of heaviness, Dry mouth without desire to drink,

Traditional Herbal Formulas

Blood Stasis

Causes: Abdominal distension, Abdominal distention and fullness, Lower abdominal distension

4 variations documented
Qi And Blood Stagnation
How it presents with abdominal distention

Abdominal distension, Abdominal distention and fullness

Along with: Chest distension, Chest pain, Stabbing fixed pain, Dark face, Purple lips, Purple nails,

Blood Stagnation
How it presents with abdominal distention

Abdominal distention and fullness

Along with: Dark face, Purple lips, Stabbing fixed pain, Abdominal masses, Purple nails, Menstrual cramps,

Blood and Qi Deficiency with Blood Stagnation
How it presents with abdominal distention

Abdominal distension

Along with: Loss of appetite, Weak limbs, Lower back pain, Abdominal distention, Irregular periods, Red and white vaginal discharge,

Traditional Herbal Formulas
Blood Stagnation in the Lower Burner caused by Cold
How it presents with abdominal distention

Lower abdominal distension

Along with: Abdominal masses, Lower abdominal pain, Lower back pain, Abnormal uterine bleeding, Menstrual cramps, Dark menstrual clots,

Traditional Herbal Formulas

Phlegm

Causes: Abdomen distension, Abdominal distention and fullness

3 variations documented
Oedema
How it presents with abdominal distention

Abdomen distension

Along with: Abdominal edema, Ankle edema, Facial edema, Foot edema, Oedema of hands, Leg edema,

Phlegm-Fluids
How it presents with abdominal distention

Abdominal distention and fullness

Along with: Abdominal distention, Vomiting clear liquid, Feeling of heaviness, Shortness of breath, Hypochondrial pain that is worse on coughing and breathing, Coughing,

Phlegm-Fluids in the Stomach and Small intestine
How it presents with abdominal distention

Abdominal distention and fullness

Along with: Abdominal distention, Vomiting clear liquid, Dry tongue, Dry mouth without desire to drink, Stomach splashing sound, Chest distension,

Qi Rebellion

Causes: Abdominal distension, Epigastric distension

3 variations documented
Rebellious Liver Qi invading the Spleen
How it presents with abdominal distention

Abdominal distension

Along with: Irritability, Abdominal distention, Abdominal pain, Alternating diarrhea and constipation, Dry stools, Excessive gas and flatulence,

Traditional Herbal Formulas
Rebellious Liver Qi
How it presents with abdominal distention

Epigastric distension

Along with: Hypochondriac distention, Upper abdominal distension, Hiccups, Sighing, Nausea or vomiting, Belching,

Traditional Herbal Formulas
Rebellious Liver Qi invading the Stomach
How it presents with abdominal distention

Epigastric distension

Along with: Irritability, Upper abdominal pain, Upper abdominal distension, Hypochondriac pain, Hypochondriac distention, Upper abdominal oppression,

Yang Deficiency

Causes: Abdominal distention and fullness, Slight abdominal distention

3 variations documented
Kidney Yang Deficiency with Water overflowing
How it presents with abdominal distention

Abdominal distention and fullness

Along with: Edema of the lower extremities, Cold sensation in legs and back, Abdominal distention, Lumbar pain, Chills, Scanty clear urination,

Traditional Herbal Formulas
Kidney and Spleen Yang Deficiency
How it presents with abdominal distention

Slight abdominal distention

Along with: Lower back pain, Weak and cold knees, Back cold sensation, Chills, Weak legs, Bright pale face,

Traditional Herbal Formulas
Spleen and Kidney Yang Deficiency
How it presents with abdominal distention

Abdominal distention and fullness

Along with: Pale face, Facial edema, Oedema of limbs, Abdominal distention, Cold extremities, Shortness of breath,

Traditional Herbal Formulas

Qi Deficiency

Causes: Abdomen distension, Abdominal distension

2 variations documented
Liver Qi Deficiency
How it presents with abdominal distention

Abdomen distension

Along with: Dizziness, Blurry vision, Eye floaters, Nervousness, Timidity, Easily startled,

Spleen and Stomach Qi Deficiency
How it presents with abdominal distention

Abdominal distension

Along with: Dizziness, Unsteadiness, Blurry vision, Deafness, Tinnitus, Shortness of breath,

Traditional Herbal Formulas

Cold

Causes: Abdominal and epigastric fullness, Lower abdominal distension

2 variations documented
Cold-Damp invading the Spleen
How it presents with abdominal distention

Abdominal and epigastric fullness

Along with: Loss of appetite, Epigastric coldness, Head and body heaviness, Sweet taste in mouth, Absence of thirst, Diarrhea,

Traditional Herbal Formulas
Blood Stagnation in the Lower Burner caused by Cold
How it presents with abdominal distention

Lower abdominal distension

Along with: Abdominal masses, Lower abdominal pain, Lower back pain, Abnormal uterine bleeding, Menstrual cramps, Dark menstrual clots,

Traditional Herbal Formulas

Blood Deficiency

Causes: Abdominal distension

1 variation documented
Blood and Qi Deficiency with Blood Stagnation
How it presents with abdominal distention

Abdominal distension

Along with: Loss of appetite, Weak limbs, Lower back pain, Abdominal distention, Irregular periods, Red and white vaginal discharge,

Traditional Herbal Formulas

Yin Excess

Causes: Abdominal distention and fullness

1 variation documented
Yin Excess
How it presents with abdominal distention

Abdominal distention and fullness

Along with: Absence of thirst, Slow and forceful movement, Epigastric pain worsen by pressure, Polyuria, Feeling of chest oppression, Nausea,

Traditional Herbal Formulas

Herbal Formulas for Abdominal Distention

Traditional Chinese Medicine formulas used to address abdominal distention

Ping Wei San

Addresses these abdominal distention patterns:

Dampness Phlegm Cold Qi Stagnation Heat

Xiao Yao San

Addresses these abdominal distention patterns:

Qi Deficiency Qi Stagnation Qi Rebellion Blood Stasis

Wu Ling San

Addresses these abdominal distention patterns:

Dampness Phlegm Yang Deficiency Yin Excess

Si Wu Tang

Addresses these abdominal distention patterns:

Qi Deficiency Qi Stagnation Blood Stasis

Wu Pi Yin

Addresses these abdominal distention patterns:

Dampness Phlegm Yin Excess

Ba Zhen Yi Mu Tang

Addresses these abdominal distention patterns:

Qi Stagnation Blood Stasis Blood Deficiency

Dang Gui Shao Yao San

Addresses these abdominal distention patterns:

Qi Stagnation Heat Dampness

Chai Hu Shu Gan San

Addresses these abdominal distention patterns:

Qi Stagnation Qi Rebellion

Fang Ji Huang Qi Tang

Addresses these abdominal distention patterns:

Dampness Phlegm