Formula

Ding Chuan Tang Modified

Gingko Decoction | 定喘汤

Also known as:

Arrest Wheezing Decoction , Ephedra and Ginkgo Combination

Properties

Qi-regulating formulas · Slightly Warm

Key Ingredients

Bai Guo, Ma Huang

*These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

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About This Formula*

Traditional Chinese Medicine background and properties

Formula Description*

A classical formula used to relieve wheezing, coughing, and shortness of breath caused by phlegm-heat congesting the lungs, often triggered by catching a cold. It works by opening the airways, directing Lung Qi downward, clearing heat, and resolving thick, sticky phlegm. Commonly applied for asthma and bronchitis with yellow, difficult-to-expectorate sputum.

Formula Category*

Main Actions*

  • Restores Lung Diffusing and Descending Functions
  • Calms Wheezing
  • Clears Lung Heat
  • Resolves Phlegm
  • Releases the Exterior

TCM Patterns*

In TCM, symptoms don't appear randomly — they cluster into recognizable patterns of disharmony that reveal what's out of balance in the body. Ding Chuan Tang is traditionally associated with these specific patterns.

The following describes this formula's classification within Traditional Chinese Medicine theory and is provided for educational purposes only.

Why Ding Chuan Tang addresses this pattern

This is the primary pattern for Ding Chuan Tang. It arises when someone with a constitutional tendency toward excess phlegm catches a Wind-Cold pathogen. The cold constrains the exterior and blocks the Lung's ability to disperse and descend Qi. The blocked Qi stagnates and transforms into heat, which 'cooks' the existing phlegm into thick, sticky, yellow sputum. The formula addresses every layer of this pattern: Ma Huang releases the exterior Wind-Cold; Bai Guo, Zi Su Zi, Xing Ren, Ban Xia, and Kuan Dong Hua descend Qi and resolve phlegm; Huang Qin and Sang Bai Pi clear the interior heat. The result is that Lung Qi can once again flow freely, phlegm is dissolved, heat is cleared, and the exterior pathogen is expelled.

A practitioner would look for one or more of these signs

Wheezing

Wheezing and labored breathing, the hallmark symptom

Hypochondrial Pain That Is Worse On Coughing And Breathing

Coughing with copious thick, yellow sputum that is difficult to expectorate

Shortness Of Breath

Shortness of breath and rapid breathing

Chills

Mild aversion to cold or slight chills, indicating residual exterior pathogen

Yellowish Phlegm

Thick, sticky, yellow-colored sputum indicating phlegm-heat

How It Addresses the Root Cause*

Ding Chuan Tang addresses a very specific situation: a person who already has Phlegm-Heat brewing inside their Lungs catches an external chill (Wind-Cold). Think of it as a problem on two fronts at once.

The inner problem often comes first. Some people have a constitutional tendency to produce excessive Phlegm, perhaps from poor diet, lingering illness, or a weak digestive system that fails to properly transform fluids. This Phlegm accumulates in the Lungs. Over time, stagnant Phlegm generates Heat, much like compost heaps that build up warmth internally. The result is thick, sticky, yellowish mucus that clogs the airways.

Then the outer problem arrives. When such a person catches a chill, the cold tightens the body's surface and constricts the Lungs' ability to circulate Qi. The Lungs are supposed to spread and descend Qi smoothly, but now they are squeezed from the outside by cold and clogged from the inside by hot Phlegm. Lung Qi rebels upward, producing wheezing, coughing, and labored breathing. The classic signs are copious thick yellow sputum, a greasy yellow tongue coating, and a slippery rapid pulse, sometimes with mild chills and fever lingering from the surface invasion. The formula works by addressing both layers simultaneously: gently opening the exterior constraint while vigorously clearing the interior Phlegm-Heat and restoring the Lungs' natural downward flow of Qi.

Formula Properties*

Temperature

Slightly Warm

Taste Profile

Predominantly bitter and acrid (pungent), with some sweet notes. The acrid taste disperses and opens the Lungs, the bitter taste descends Qi and dries Dampness, and the sweet taste harmonizes the formula.

Target Organs
Lungs Large Intestine
Channels Entered
Lung Large Intestine

Formula Origin

Shè Shēng Zhòng Miào Fāng (摄生众妙方, Multitude of Marvelous Formulas for Sustaining Life) by Zhang Shiche

This is just partial information on the formula's TCM properties. More detailed information is available on the formula's dedicated page

*These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

Product Details

Manufacturing, supplier, and product specifications

Product Type

Granules

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Supplier Information

Treasure of the East

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Ingredients in Ding Chuan Tang Modified

Detailed information about each herb in Ding Chuan Tang Modified and their roles

Kings
Deputies
Assistants
Envoys
Bai Guo
Bai Guo

Ginkgo seed

Dosage: 9 - 12g

Temperature Neutral
Taste Sweet (甘 gān), Bitter (苦 kǔ), Astringent (涩 sè)
Organ Affinity Lungs, Kidneys
Parts Used Seed (种子 zhǒng zǐ / 子 zǐ / 仁 rén)
Role in Ding Chuan Tang Modified

Constrains Lung Qi to arrest wheezing, transforms phlegm, and prevents Ma Huang from over-dispersing. Its astringent nature balances the dispersing action of Ma Huang, creating a 'one scattering, one collecting' dynamic that powerfully stabilizes the airways.

Ma Huang
Ma Huang

Ephedra stem

Dosage: 6 - 9g

Temperature Warm
Taste Acrid / Pungent (辛 xīn), Bitter (苦 kǔ)
Organ Affinity Lungs, Urinary Bladder
Parts Used Stem (茎 jīng)
Role in Ding Chuan Tang Modified

Opens and disseminates Lung Qi, releases the exterior to dispel Wind-Cold, and arrests wheezing. As the other King herb, it addresses the external component of the pattern and restores the Lung's descending and dispersing functions.

Zi Su Zi
Zi Su Zi

Perilla seed

Dosage: 6 - 9g

Temperature Warm
Taste Acrid / Pungent (辛 xīn)
Organ Affinity Lungs, Large Intestine
Parts Used Seed (种子 zhǒng zǐ / 子 zǐ / 仁 rén)
Role in Ding Chuan Tang Modified

Directs Lung Qi downward, resolves phlegm, and stops wheezing. Reinforces the descending action needed to counter the upward rebellion of Lung Qi.

Xing Ren
Xing Ren

Bitter apricot kernel

Dosage: 4.5 - 9g

Temperature Slightly Warm
Taste Bitter (苦 kǔ)
Organ Affinity Lungs, Large Intestine
Parts Used Seed (种子 zhǒng zǐ / 子 zǐ / 仁 rén)
Role in Ding Chuan Tang Modified

Descends Lung Qi and stops coughing. Works with Ma Huang in a classic pairing where Ma Huang opens and Xing Ren descends, restoring normal Lung Qi movement.

Ban Xia
Ban Xia

Pinellia rhizome

Dosage: 9g

Temperature Warm
Taste Acrid / Pungent (辛 xīn)
Organ Affinity Spleen, Stomach, Lungs
Parts Used Tuber (块茎 kuài jīng / 块根 kuài gēn)
Role in Ding Chuan Tang Modified

Dries Dampness and transforms phlegm, directs rebellious Qi downward, and harmonizes the Stomach. A key herb for resolving the sticky, accumulated phlegm obstructing the airways.

Kuan Dong Hua
Kuan Dong Hua

Coltsfoot Flower

Dosage: 9g

Temperature Warm
Taste Acrid / Pungent (辛 xīn), Bitter (苦 kǔ)
Organ Affinity Lungs
Parts Used Flower bud (花蕾 huā lěi)
Role in Ding Chuan Tang Modified

Moistens the Lungs, descends Qi, and stops coughing. Supports the phlegm-resolving and cough-suppressing actions of the other Deputy herbs.

Sang Bai Pi
Sang Bai Pi

Mulberry root bark

Dosage: 6 - 9g

Temperature Cold
Taste Sweet (甘 gān)
Organ Affinity Lungs, Spleen
Parts Used Bark (皮 pí / 树皮 shù pí)
Role in Ding Chuan Tang Modified

Drains Lung heat, descends Lung Qi, and promotes urination. Clears the interior heat that has transformed from constrained Qi, and works with Huang Qin to address the phlegm-heat component.

Huang Qin
Huang Qin

Baical skullcap root

Dosage: 4.5 - 6g

Temperature Cold
Taste Bitter (苦 kǔ)
Organ Affinity Lungs, Gallbladder, Spleen, Large Intestine, Small Intestine, Heart, Stomach
Parts Used Root (根 gēn)
Role in Ding Chuan Tang Modified

Clears heat from the Lungs, dries dampness, and stops coughing. Directly targets the phlegm-heat that produces thick yellow sputum, and prevents the warm, dispersing herbs from generating further heat.

Gan Cao
Gan Cao

Licorice root

Dosage: 3g

Temperature Neutral
Taste Sweet (甘 gān)
Organ Affinity Heart, Lungs, Spleen, Stomach
Parts Used Root (根 gēn)
Role in Ding Chuan Tang Modified

Harmonizes the actions of all the other herbs in the formula, moderates the harshness of the dispersing and descending ingredients, and protects the Stomach.

Modern Research (4 studies)

  • Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial of DCT for airway hyper-responsiveness in asthmatic children (2006)
  • Preclinical study: DCT attenuates airway inflammation and eosinophil infiltration in ovalbumin-sensitized asthmatic mice (2021)
See all research on the formula page

Usage & Safety

How to use this formula and important safety information

Important Medical Disclaimer

The information provided here is for educational purposes only and is not intended as medical advice or to replace consultation with a qualified healthcare professional. This formula is a dietary supplement and has not been evaluated by the FDA. It is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

Always consult with a qualified healthcare provider, particularly if you are pregnant, nursing, have a medical condition, or are taking other medications. Discontinue use and consult your healthcare provider if you experience any adverse reactions.

Recommended Dosage

Instructions for safe storage and consumption

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Best Time to Take

As the original text states, 'not restricted by time' (不拘时候). Typically taken warm, sipped slowly (徐徐服), twice daily between meals.

Typical Duration

Acute use: 3-10 days during active wheezing episodes, reassessed as symptoms change.

Dietary Advice

Avoid cold, raw foods and iced drinks, which can constrict the Lungs and worsen Phlegm accumulation. Also avoid greasy, fried, and rich foods, as these generate Dampness and Phlegm. Reduce intake of excessively spicy or hot foods, which may aggravate the internal Heat component. Dairy products and overly sweet foods should be minimized as they tend to promote Phlegm production. Suitable foods include steamed pears with rock sugar (to moisten the Lungs), white radish soup (to transform Phlegm), and light, easily digested warm meals like congee with lily bulb.

Modern Usage*

Ding Chuan Tang is classified as a Qi-regulating formula and has the effects of dispersing and descending Lung Qi, clearing Heat, and transforming Phlegm. It is primarily used to treat patterns of external Wind-old with internal Phlegm-Heat accumulation. Symptoms include coughing and wheezing with copious, thick, yellow phlegm, shortness of breath, a slight aversion to wind and cold, a yellow and greasy tongue coating, and a slippery, rapid pulse.

Clinically, this formula is commonly used to treat conditions such as bronchial asthma and chronic bronchitis, particularly when they are associated with Phlegm-Heat obstructing the Lungs.

*These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

Special Populations

Pregnancy

Use with caution during pregnancy. Ma Huang (Ephedra) is a strong dispersing herb whose sympathomimetic alkaloids (ephedrine, pseudoephedrine) can stimulate the cardiovascular system and potentially affect uterine blood flow. Xing Ren (Apricot Kernel) contains small amounts of amygdalin. Ban Xia (Pinellia) is traditionally listed among herbs requiring caution in pregnancy due to its potent descending and drying nature. The NCCIH considers the use of ephedra during pregnancy unsafe. This formula should generally be avoided in pregnancy unless the clinical situation is urgent and no safer alternative exists, and only under close supervision by a qualified practitioner.

Breastfeeding

Use with caution during breastfeeding. Ma Huang (Ephedra) contains ephedrine and pseudoephedrine, which are known to pass into breast milk. These sympathomimetic compounds may cause irritability, poor sleep, or increased heart rate in nursing infants. Pseudoephedrine has also been documented to reduce milk supply in some mothers. If the formula is clinically necessary, the breastfeeding parent should be monitored for decreased lactation, and the infant should be observed for signs of stimulant effects (fussiness, poor feeding, disrupted sleep).

Pediatric Use

Ding Chuan Tang has been used clinically in children and was specifically studied in a randomized controlled trial in children aged 8 to 15 at a dose of 6.0 g of concentrated granules daily for 12 weeks. For younger children (under 8), dosages are typically reduced proportionally based on age and body weight, often to one-third to one-half the adult dose. The formula has also been used in modified form for infants with acute bronchiolitis in Chinese clinical reports, though such use requires careful practitioner supervision. Bai Guo (Ginkgo nut) should be used within the prescribed dosage as excessive consumption can cause toxicity, particularly in young children. Ma Huang dosage should be conservative in pediatric patients to avoid overstimulation.

Cautions & Warnings

Although this formula is typically safe for most individuals, it may cause side effects in some people. Pregnant women, nursing mothers, postpartum women, and those with liver disease should use the formula with caution.

As with any Chinese herbal remedy, it is advisable to seek guidance from a qualified TCM practitioner before beginning treatment.