Acupuncture
View all acupuncture points on this meridian and explore the channel pathway.
View meridian
EX-B-5
Needle Depth
0.5–1.0 cun
Needle Angle
90° (Perpendicular)
Body Area
Back — Lower (Lumbar)
Location
This is a group of 3 points. One is on the posterior midline and below the spinous process of the 3rd lumbar vertebra (L3). The other two are at the same level but 3 cun lateral to the first one. Vertically speaking, they are also on the scapula medial border line.
Main Actions
- Tonifies Kidney Yang
- Removes Qi and Blood Stagnation
Indications
Commentary
This is a group of three points.
The central point is mainly to tonify the Kidney Qi, while the two lateral ones are mostly to removes local Qi and Blood Stagnation.
Classical Sources
The point Xiajishu (下极俞) is referenced in the classical text Qian Jin Yao Fang (千金要方, Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold) by Sun Simiao, where it appears under the name Xiajiyu (下极腧, EX-B13). The Nan Jing (Classic of Difficulties), Chapter 28, states: "The Du Mai originates at the Lower Extreme Shu (下极之输), runs alongside the spine, ascends to Fengfu, and enters the brain." This reference establishes the point's connection to the Du Mai (Governing Vessel) and its role in governing the lower spine region.
How to Locate
First identify the Tuffier's line which connects the highest points of the iliac crest. The spinous process of the 4th lumber vertebra (L4) mostly falls on this line. Then identify the spinous process of the 3rd lumber vertebra (L3) by counting up one. Locate Xiajishu EX-B-5 at the lower border of L3 as well as the other two locations at the same level but 3 cun lateral to the lower border of L3.
Caution
This point is located on the midline of the lumbar spine. While not a dangerous point, practitioners should use appropriate needle depth (0.5–1.0 cun) with perpendicular insertion. Some classical sources describe this point with bilateral lateral extensions 3 cun from midline; ensure correct point identification. Use caution with deep needling in patients with spinal degeneration or disc problems. Exercise care during pregnancy due to the point's location in the lumbar region and its influence on the lower abdomen and uterus.
Needle Angle
90° (Perpendicular)
Depth Category
Medium
Standard Depth
0.5–1.0 cun
Needling Directions
0.5–0.8 cun vertically to the skin or obliquely in an inferior direction. The patient’s back should be straight or overextended to avoid a spinal puncture. Oblique insertions in a superior direction should only be carried out by experienced practitioners, as in small persons (regardless of their weight), the spinal canal can be reached after only 1.25 cun. Caution: In pregnant women about to go into labor, this point might have a labor-promoting effect.
Expected Deqi Sensation
Local distension and soreness at the lumbar region, with possible radiation to the buttocks or lower limbs. Deqi sensation may spread along the spine or downward toward the sacral area.
Moxibustion
Recommended
Duration: 5–10 minutes
Cupping
Recommended
Bloodletting
N/A
Gua Sha
Recommended
Related Resources
Browse All Points
Explore the complete collection of acupuncture points across all meridians.
View all meridians