Principal Meridian Shao Yang SJ

Triple Burner Meridian

手少阳三焦经 | Shǒu Shàoyáng Sānjiāo Jīng

Triple Burner Channel of Hand Shao-Yang

Quick Facts

Acupuncture Points

23 points

Peak Hours

21:00 - 23:00

Flow Direction

Centripetal (toward torso)

Overview

The Triple Burner Meridian (San Jiao) is unique among the 12 primary meridians as it has no corresponding physical organ in Western anatomy. Instead, it represents a functional energy system that coordinates the body's three main cavities: the Upper Burner (chest/respiration), Middle Burner (digestion), and Lower Burner (elimination). Often called the 'Minister of Dykes and Dredges,' it regulates water metabolism, body temperature, and the movement of Qi throughout the body. This Yang meridian is paired with the Yin Pericardium Meridian and shares the Fire element. With 23 acupoints running from the ring finger to the outer eyebrow, it is most active during 9-11 PM (Hai hour), making it essential for evening relaxation and preparing the body for sleep.

24-Hour Qi Circulation Cycle

Previous in cycle

Pericardium Meridian

Current Channel

Triple Burner Meridian

21:00 - 23:00

Peak Activity Hours

Next in cycle

Gall Bladder Meridian

Channel Pathways

The Triple Burner Meridian consists of multiple channel systems, each with its own pathway and clinical significance.

Pathway Description

The external pathway: 

  • The Triple Burner Primary Channel starts at Guanchong TB-1 at the corner nail of the ring finger, which connects to a branch of Pericardium Primary Channel at Laogong P-8 of the palm. 
  • It ascends along the ulnar side of the ring finger and then the dorsum of the hand between the fourth and fifth metacarpal bones.
  • It then continues ascending the posterior aspect of the forearm between the Large and Small Intestine Channels and also between the radius and ulna. 
  • Passing Tianjing ST-10 at the olecranon of the ulna, it runs up further along the postero-lateral aspect of the upper arm to the shoulder. 
  • After traversing the shoulder, it crosses Bingfeng SI-12 in the center of the suprascapular fossa and connects with other Yang Primary Channels at Dazhui DU-14, which is below the 7th spinous process (C7). 
  • It then flows to the anterior aspect of the body, crosses Jianjing GB-21 and enters the supraclavicular fossa at Quepen ST-12. 

The internal pathway: 

  • From Quepeng ST-12, the Primary Channel goes internally.
  • It spreads between Shanzhong REN-17 and the breast, passes the Pericardium and penetrates the diaphragm. 
  • It finally enters the abdomen through Zhongwan REN-12 and connects with the Upper, Middle and Lower Burner. 
  • According to some books, the Primary Channel continues descending to Weiyang BL-39 at the popliteal fossa. It is said to be the lower Sea-He point of the Triple Burner. 

Branches: 

  • An internal branch separates from Shanzhong REN-17, back to ST-12 of the supraclavicular fossa, where it emerges externally again. It then ascends the neck to Tianyou TB-16 at the posterior border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle and Yifeng TB-17 behind the ear lob. 
    • From there, the main external sub-branch runs up further behind the ear and arrives at Jiaosun TB-20 above the ear apex. It  crosses Gall Bladder Channel internally at Xuanli GB-6, Xuanlu GB-5 and Hanyan GB-4.  It then descends the cheek to the lower jaw and ascends again, arriving at Quanliao SI-18 on the lower border of zygoma. It terminates at the infraorbital region. 
    • From TB-17, another subbranch enters the ear and emerge again through tragus. It passes Tinggong SI-19, Ermen TB-21, Erheliao TB-22 and arrives at Shangguan GB-3. It then crosses the previous sub-branch on the cheek and terminate at Sizhukong TB-23 at the outer canthus of the eye. 

 

Five Element Correspondences

Traditional associations of the and its meridian within the Five Element framework.

Emotion

Joy (shared with Heart and Pericardium)

Color

Orange-Red

Taste

Bitter

Climate

Summer Heat

Sense Organ

Ears

Tissue

Blood Vessels (shared with Pericardium)

Manifests In

Complexion and skin tone

Sound

Laughing (shared with Fire element)

Body Fluid

Sweat (secondary influence)

Acupuncture Points

Acupuncture points along the Triple Burner Meridian and related points from other channels.

Related Points from Other Channels

Dazhui DU-14

Meeting point where the Triple Burner channel crosses the Governing Vessel at the base of the neck

Intersection point with Gallbladder meridian at the shoulder, used for shoulder pain and headaches

Terminal connection point where Triple Burner meets Gallbladder at outer canthus

Detailed Information

In-depth information about the Triple Burner Meridian and its clinical significance.

Overview

The Triple Burner Meridian, known in Chinese as Shǒu Shàoyáng Sānjiāo Jīng (手少阳三焦经), is one of the most mysterious and unique meridians in Traditional Chinese Medicine. Unlike other meridians that connect to specific organs, the San Jiao (literally 'Three Burners') represents a functional energy system rather than a physical organ. It acts as the body's internal thermostat and plumbing system, coordinating the movement of fluids, heat, and Qi between three body cavities.

The Three Burners

The Upper Burner (Shàng Jiāo) encompasses the chest region, including the heart and lungs. Classical texts describe it as 'like a mist,' governing respiration and the distribution of Qi and fluids to the body's surface. The Middle Burner (Zhōng Jiāo) covers the digestive organs—stomach, spleen, and liver—and is described as 'like a maceration chamber,' responsible for transforming food into usable energy. The Lower Burner (Xià Jiāo) includes the kidneys, bladder, and intestines, described as 'like a drainage ditch,' handling elimination and the separation of pure from impure substances.

Channel Pathway

The meridian begins at the ulnar corner of the ring finger nail (Guānchōng SJ-1), travels between the fourth and fifth metacarpal bones, ascends along the outer forearm between the radius and ulna, passes through the elbow tip, continues up the outer arm to the shoulder, and enters the supraclavicular fossa. Internally, it spreads through the chest to connect with the Pericardium and descends through the diaphragm to link all three burners. A branch ascends the neck, circles behind and around the ear, and terminates at the outer corner of the eyebrow (Sīzhúkōng SJ-23), connecting with the Gallbladder Meridian.

Clinical Functions

The San Jiao serves as the 'Ambassador of Yuan Qi' (Original Qi), distributing this vital energy throughout the body. It regulates water passages—hence its classical title 'Official of Dykes and Dredges.' The meridian is particularly effective for treating ear disorders (tinnitus, deafness), lateral headaches, eye problems, throat conditions, and pain along its pathway in the arm and shoulder. Key points like Wàiguān (SJ-5) are famous for treating fever and pain, while Zhīgōu (SJ-6) is a renowned point for constipation.

Peak Activity Time

The Triple Burner Meridian is most active during the Hai hour (9-11 PM), the time when the body naturally begins to settle and cool down for sleep. Stimulating this meridian during its peak time supports proper fluid metabolism, helps release accumulated heat, and promotes relaxation. This is why many people naturally feel drowsy during these hours—it's the body's signal to rest.

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