Herb

Lu Xian Cao

Pyrola herb | 鹿衔草

Also known as:

Lu Han Cao (鹿晗草)

Parts Used

Whole plant / Aerial parts (全草 quán cǎo)

*These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

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About This Herb

Traditional Chinese Medicine background and properties

Herb Description

Pyrola herb is a gentle, warming plant used in Chinese medicine to ease joint pain from Wind and Dampness while also strengthening the bones, tendons, and lower back. It is especially valued for older adults who have both joint stiffness and underlying weakness in the Kidneys and Liver. It can also help with certain bleeding conditions and chronic coughs.

Herb Category

Main Actions

  • Dispels Wind-Dampness
  • Nourishes Liver and Kidney Yin
  • Strengthens the Sinews and Bones
  • Stops Bleeding
  • Stops Cough

How These Actions Work

'Dispels Wind-Dampness' means this herb helps drive out the pathogenic factors Wind and Dampness that lodge in the joints, muscles, and meridians. In practical terms, it is used for people experiencing joint pain, stiffness, heaviness, or numbness, especially from conditions like arthritis or rheumatism. The bitter taste dries Dampness while the warm nature helps scatter Cold that often accompanies Wind-Damp obstruction.

'Tonifies the Liver and Kidneys' and 'strengthens sinews and bones' refer to the herb's ability to nourish the organ systems that govern the bones, tendons, and lower back. In TCM, the Kidneys govern the bones and the Liver governs the sinews. When these organs are weakened (especially in older adults), symptoms like lower back pain, weak knees, and soft or aching bones can appear. Lù Xián Cǎo's sweet taste provides a tonifying effect that supplements these deficiencies, making it particularly useful for elderly patients with both joint pain and underlying weakness.

'Stops bleeding' refers to the herb's astringent, hemostatic action. It can be used for various bleeding conditions including heavy menstrual periods, nosebleeds, coughing blood, and even external traumatic bleeding (where the fresh herb can be mashed and applied topically). 'Stops coughing' applies to chronic, lingering coughs from Lung weakness, where the herb's gentle tonifying and moistening qualities help settle the cough over time.

Patterns Addressed

In TCM, symptoms cluster into recognizable patterns of disharmony that reveal what's out of balance in the body. Lu Xian Cao is traditionally associated with these specific patterns.

The following describes this herb's classification within Traditional Chinese Medicine theory and is provided for educational purposes only.

Why Lu Xian Cao addresses this pattern

Lù Xián Cǎo directly addresses Wind-Cold-Damp Bi (painful obstruction) through its warm nature, which scatters Cold, and its bitter taste, which dries Dampness. By entering the Liver and Kidney channels, it reaches the sinews and bones where Wind-Damp pathogens tend to lodge. Unlike purely dispersing Wind-Damp herbs, Lù Xián Cǎo simultaneously tonifies the Liver and Kidneys, making it especially suited for chronic Bi patterns where the underlying organ systems have been weakened by prolonged illness.

A practitioner would look for one or more of these signs

Moving Pain

Joint pain worsened by cold and damp weather

Lower Back Pain

Lower back pain with heaviness

Joint Stiffness

Stiffness and difficulty bending the knees

Skin Numbness

Numbness in the limbs

TCM Properties

Temperature

Warm

Taste

Sweet (甘 gān), Bitter (苦 kǔ)

Channels Entered
Liver Kidneys
Parts Used

Whole plant / Aerial parts (全草 quán cǎo)

This is partial information on the herb's TCM properties. More detailed information is available on the herb's dedicated page

Product Details

Manufacturing, supplier, and product specifications

Product Type

Granules

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Botanical & Sourcing

Quality Indicators

Good quality dried Lu Xian Cao herb has leaves that are purplish-red or purplish-brown on both surfaces, smooth and intact, with a papery texture. The stems should be purplish-brown, slightly ridged with fine wrinkles, hairless, and with a mild sheen. The dried herb should have little or no odour and a slightly bitter taste. Intact whole plants with visible flower stems or globular brown capsules may be present. Choose material that is uniformly coloured (purplish-red to purplish-brown), free from excessive breakage, and without foreign matter or mould. Avoid pieces that are excessively dark, damp, or crumbling.

Primary Growing Regions

Widely distributed across China, including the northeast (Heilongjiang), north (Hebei), northwest (Shaanxi, Gansu, Qinghai), southwest (Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou, Tibet), and east (Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangxi, Fujian). Zhejiang is the largest producer, and herb material from Zhejiang and Anhui is traditionally considered the best quality. Yunnan is known for producing the processed paste form called 'Lu Xian Cao Gao' (鹿衔草膏). The plant's native range extends from the eastern Himalayas through China.

Harvesting Season

Can be harvested year-round. Typically collected in summer or autumn when the plant is lush. The whole plant including roots is dug up, cleaned, partially sun-dried until the leaves soften, then piled and allowed to sweat until the leaves turn purplish-brown, and finally fully dried.

Supplier Information

Treasure of the East

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Usage & Safety

How to use this herb and important safety information

Important Medical Disclaimer

The information provided here is for educational purposes only and is not intended as medical advice or to replace consultation with a qualified healthcare professional. This herb is a dietary supplement and has not been evaluated by the FDA. It is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

Always consult with a qualified healthcare provider, particularly if you are pregnant, nursing, have a medical condition, or are taking other medications. Discontinue use and consult your healthcare provider if you experience any adverse reactions.

Recommended Dosage

Instructions for safe storage and consumption

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Traditional Dosage Reference

Standard

9-15g

Maximum

Up to 15g per single internal dose in decoction. For external use, the amount may be increased as needed. Some traditional formulas use larger amounts (up to 60g, as in the Shaanxi folk recipe for uterine bleeding with pork), but such doses are not standard and should only be used under practitioner supervision.

Notes

Standard decoction dose is 9 to 15g. For tonifying Liver and Kidney deficiency with weak lumbar region and knees, use at the higher end of the range (12-15g), often combined with Du Zhong, Niu Xi, and Sang Ji Sheng. For wind-damp impediment pain, 9-15g in combination with expelling herbs. For hemostatic purposes (uterine bleeding, hemoptysis), it can be used singly or with other astringent haemostatics. The herb can also be ground into powder and taken directly, or stewed with meat (traditionally pork) as a tonic food preparation. External use for wounds, sores, and snake bites involves crushing the fresh herb or applying the dried powder topically.

Toxicity Classification

Non-toxic

Lu Xian Cao has very low toxicity. The active compound pyrolin (鹿蹄草素) has a reported LD50 of 0.227 g/kg by intravenous injection in mice, indicating low acute toxicity by that route. At normal oral dosages in decoction, no significant adverse effects are expected. Excessive dosage may cause mild gastrointestinal discomfort including dry mouth, nausea, fatigue, and loss of appetite. No special processing is required to make this herb safe for use. The whole herb contains tannins (up to 18%), arbutin glycosides, flavonoids, and quinone derivatives, none of which pose significant toxicity concerns at standard doses.

Contraindications

Caution

Pregnancy. Lu Xian Cao has blood-moving (activating) properties and has been shown in animal studies to inhibit fertility, suppress estrous cycles, and cause uterine and ovarian atrophy. It may stimulate uterine contractions and risk miscarriage.

Caution

Damp-Heat or Blood Stasis patterns with active inflammation. Classical sources state that those with 'dampness-heat and stasis-stagnation' (湿热瘀滞) should avoid this herb, as its warm, supplementing nature may worsen heat conditions.

Avoid

Known allergy or hypersensitivity to Pyrola species or plants in the Ericaceae family.

Special Populations

Pregnancy

Use with caution during pregnancy. Lu Xian Cao has documented blood-invigorating (活血) properties that may stimulate uterine contractions. Animal studies in mice showed that oral decoction taken over 10 days inhibited fertility by 100%, suppressed estrous cycles, and caused uterine and ovarian atrophy. Classical sources such as the Shan Xi Zhong Cao Yao (《山西中草药》) explicitly advise pregnant women to use this herb with caution (孕妇慎服). Given these findings, Lu Xian Cao should generally be avoided during pregnancy unless specifically prescribed and supervised by an experienced practitioner.

Breastfeeding

No specific data exists on the safety of Lu Xian Cao during breastfeeding. Given its documented effects on reproductive hormones in animal studies (suppressing estrous cycles and causing uterine/ovarian changes), there is a theoretical concern that active compounds could transfer through breast milk and affect lactation or the nursing infant. Use with caution during breastfeeding and only under practitioner guidance.

Pediatric Use

No specific pediatric dosage guidelines are established in standard references for Lu Xian Cao. As with most Chinese herbs given to children, the dosage should be reduced proportionally based on the child's age and body weight, typically to one-third to one-half the adult dose. Use should be supervised by a qualified practitioner. Given the herb's effects on reproductive hormones observed in animal studies, extra caution is warranted for children approaching puberty.

Drug Interactions

No well-documented interactions with specific pharmaceutical drugs have been established for Lu Xian Cao in peer-reviewed literature. However, based on its known pharmacological properties, the following theoretical interactions should be considered:

  • Anticoagulant and antiplatelet medications (warfarin, aspirin, clopidogrel): Lu Xian Cao has blood-invigorating and haemostatic properties. While its net effect is astringent, the blood-moving component could theoretically interact with anticoagulants. Concurrent use warrants monitoring.
  • Antihypertensive medications: Animal studies show that Pyrola extracts can lower blood pressure and dilate blood vessels. Combined use with antihypertensive drugs could potentially enhance hypotensive effects.
  • Cardiac glycosides (digoxin): Pyrola extracts have demonstrated positive inotropic (heart-strengthening) effects in animal studies and may affect heart rate and rhythm at higher doses. Caution is advised with concurrent cardiac medication use.
  • Hormone therapies and oral contraceptives: Given the documented anti-fertility and hormonal effects in animal studies, potential interactions with hormonal medications cannot be excluded.

Dietary Advice

Classical sources from Shaanxi specifically advise avoiding alcohol and stimulating foods (忌酒及刺激性食物) while taking Lu Xian Cao. When using the herb for its tonifying properties on Liver and Kidney, it is traditionally combined with warming, nourishing foods such as stewed meats (pork or chicken). When using it for wind-damp conditions, avoid excessive cold, raw, or greasy foods that may impair Spleen function and worsen dampness.

Cautions & Warnings

Although this formula is typically safe for most individuals, it may cause side effects in some people. Pregnant women, nursing mothers, postpartum women, and those with liver disease should use the formula with caution.

As with any Chinese herbal remedy, it is advisable to seek guidance from a qualified TCM practitioner before beginning treatment.