Pattern Empty

Empty-Cold

Xū hán 虚寒

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Diagnostic Signs

Diagnostic Considerations

Key characteristic symptoms of this pattern are the feeling of mild, cold limbs and Weak-Slow-Deep Pulse.

Causes & Pathology

Common Causes

Pathological Mechanism

Full-Cold is mainly caused by external Cold Evil invasion or Yin Excess, while Empty-Cold is largely due to Deficient Yang or Qi, which fails to warm the body. Therefore the patients have cold limbs,  feel cold and dislike cold.

Both pattern has Cold manifestations, but the Empty type is more for chronic cases and more seem among the elderly or these with weak constitution. The Cold constrains and obstructs so that it causes pains. The pain for Full-Cold is sharp and worse on pressure, while the Empty type pain is dull and prefers massage.

The most common precursor of Empty-Cold is Spleen Yang and/or Kidney Yang Deficiency. In this case, the Spleen fails to transform digested foods and drinks properly, hence the loose stools and frequent urination.

There are often Qi and Blood Deficiency accompanying, thus the symptoms of listlessness, weak voice, pale face and lips, weak limbs, dizziness, poor appetite and breathlessness.

Treatment Approach