Directing Vessel
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REN-11
Safety Warnings
- Dangerous point - requires extra caution
- Deep needling contraindicated - shallow insertion only
Needle Depth
0.5–1.5 cun
Needle Angle
90° (Perpendicular)
Body Area
Abdomen — Upper
Location
On the midline of the abdomen, 3 cun above the umbilicus and 5 cun below the sternocostal angle.
Main Actions
- Stimulates the Stomach's ability to rot and ripen foods
- Descends the Stomach Qi
Indications
Commentary
This point is often used to descend Rebellious Stomach Qi and stimulate better digestion. The related symptoms include epigastric and abdominal distension, abdominal pain and vomiting.
Classical Sources
Zhenjiu Jiayi Jing (针灸甲乙经, Systematic Classic of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, 282 CE): First recorded this point as belonging to the Ren Mai (Conception Vessel). The text established its location on the anterior midline, 3 cun above the umbilicus.
Name Etymology: 建 (Jiàn) means 'to build' or 'establish'; 里 (Lǐ) means 'interior' or 'inner.' The name suggests this point 'builds up the interior,' referring to its ability to strengthen the digestive organs (Spleen and Stomach) and establish healthy internal function. The point lies directly over the Stomach region and is used to strengthen digestive capacity.
Zhenjiu Dacheng (针灸大成, Great Compendium of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, 1601): Listed among the Ren Mai points with indications for epigastric pain, vomiting, abdominal distention, and edema.
How to Locate
On the midline of the abdomen, divide the distance between the umbilicus and the sternocostal angle into 8 cun. Jianli REN-11 is located 3 cun above umbilicus.
Caution
Located over the peritoneal cavity with the transverse colon deep to the point. In thin patients, deep needling risks peritoneal puncture, which can cause pneumoperitoneum. Always assess patient body habitus before needling. During pregnancy, this point should be used with great care or avoided entirely, as it lies between Qugu REN-2 and Shangwan REN-13 where classical texts advise special caution in pregnant women. Use reduced stimulation if treatment is essential.
Needle Angle
90° (Perpendicular)
Depth Category
Medium
Standard Depth
0.5–1.5 cun
Needling Directions
Vertically 0.5-1 cun. Caution: be careful with Peritoneum. Take great care during pregnancy.
Expected Deqi Sensation
Local distention and heaviness around the epigastric area. The sensation may spread throughout the upper abdomen. Some patients may feel warmth or a mild aching quality radiating toward the umbilicus or upward toward the sternum.
Moxibustion
Recommended
Duration: 10–20 minutes
Cupping
Questionable
Bloodletting
N/A
Gua Sha
Questionable
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